The problem of personal IDENTITY among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of personal IDENTITY raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the IDENTITY of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the question of what features or traits characterize a given person at one time. To answer these questions, John Locke discarded the soul and the body as necessary and sufficient substances for personal IDENTITY over time. He accepted consciousness as the only criterion for personal IDENTITY; the only thing capable of remaining the same and preserving personal IDENTITY through change. Though Locke’s argument is somewhat clear and coherent but what remains vague and incoherent is embedded in the question—what exactly is consciousness? How and why should it be the basis or criterion for the determination of personal IDENTITY? Using the method of critical analysis, I argue that Locke’s choice of consciousness as the determinant of personal IDENTITY, though quite novel, is incoherent and vague. Secondly, Locke had already presumed and anticipated clearly though fallaciously the very thing he wishes to substantiate. I therefore conclude that Locke’s argument is just another way of trying to escape but inadvertently prolonging the difficulty of apparently articulating a distinction between the psychological approach and physiological approach to the problem of personal IDENTITY. However, in my submission, I propose the concept of the “other” as alternative approach— a sort of an extrinsic-intrinsic approach to the problem of personal IDENTITY.

GLOBALization process, which is associated with expansion of modern informative-communicative technologies, has given such a momentum and depth to the social changes, that has even affected the most stable arena of human life i.e. has led to a serious cultural change. Hence, reviewing the impacts and consequences of application of modern informative- communicative technologies in various arenas is of significant importance.The major users of the technology are agents and especially university students. Using internet, computer and satellite are a major part of the educational, professional and leisure activities of the university students. Therefore, there is a possibility that benefiting from this phenomenon might have impact on individual priorities and orientation. The present article, which is the result of a research, aims at reviewing the relationship between being subject to GLOBALization process (modern communicative devices) and national IDENTITY and GLOBAL IDENTITY. The theoretical pattern of this incorporative research is the theories of Tanberg, Gibins, Gidins and Gimson.The research is conducted using survey method. N=352 including “Tehran Tarbiat Moalem University” students, which were selected through cluster sampling in a few steps and were interviewed. The find- ings of the research indicated that there is no relationship between being subject to GLOBALization process (modern communicative media) and national IDENTITY; however, there is a significant relationship between the issue and GLOBAL interest feeling.

Development of new communicative technology and the widespread use of this technology in the world has led all communities even the poorest and most remote countries to enjoy facilities to communicate around the world much more and advanced than before. Regardless its beneficiary or suffering, the impact on people’s lives around the world has been so invasive that will need to rapidly investigate. “Language & Literature” is one of the key issues in studies of GLOBALization, especially in terms of purely literary and artistic work which has always inherently GLOBAL capabilities and contacts of world’s finding. Persian language and literature is no exception to this rule, especially proud of the point that history is ancient, and its intellectual and literary agents have a privileged position in the world. Persian works of literature have many components of the world's masterpieces both of form and meaning. “Masnavi”, an example of the result of the Iranian nation is intuitive genius and recognition due to the pure and sublime human experiences and teachings. It is a heart-touching and attractive text in proportion to the unconscious and conscious mind. This research seeks to study and identify various dimensions of GLOBALization and its relation to cultural, social and political realms with the emphasis on cultural dimension. Accordingly, the present research seeks to answer the key question of what the national IDENTITY criteria -emphasizing the characteristics of Islamic Iranian- are and how they could contribute to GLOBALization by existing intellectual structures and technical capacities.

The research under the title of “face book cyber space as GLOBAL IDENTITY” concerns universal IDENTITY of Azad university students studying in East Tehran branch in 1390-91.The study examines how the amounts of time and the ways students show themselves on the site impact and build their GLOBAL IDENTITY. The study technique is browsing and collecting data was done by questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed among 250 students who were selected by chance from 3 faculties of Engineering Technology, Humanities and Basic Sciences. The survey theoretical framework is affected by Stuart Hall, Richard Jenkins, Anthony Giddens & Manuel Castells works and theories. The research results confirm the correlation between the GLOBAL IDENTITY and being on the site. The study also points out that the GLOBAL IDENTITY differs based on the way web users use the site.

The verse of holy Koran "verily the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is [he who is] the most virtuous of you" directly shows that in god's willing there is no superiority of a man or a group than others except those who have piety to god. In fact, the Islamic IDENTITY focuses on the superiority of piety among humans and does not focus on superiority of a man or a group that causes Islamic IDENTITY theoretically be against other competitive identities such as ethnic, GLOBAL and national IDENTITY. Therefore, this research aims to study the relationship between Islamic IDENTITY and competitive identities (ethnic, national and GLOBAL). In this way based on Sheldon Stryker theory and survey method, 431 students have elected and have analyzed. The results have shown that there was positive significant relationship between Islamic IDENTITY, national and ethnic IDENTITY, and negative significant relationship between Islamic IDENTITY and GLOBAL IDENTITY. In addition, multivariate regression results have shown that the variables national and GLOBAL identities have explained 45 percent of the variation of Islamic IDENTITY variable. The results shows that national and ethnic IDENTITY amplify the Islamic IDENTITY and they have positive relationship with it and in fact they are not a competitive IDENTITY for Islamic IDENTITY but GLOBAL IDENTITY has negative relationship with Islamic IDENTITY and therefore it is a competitive IDENTITY for Islamic IDENTITY.

GLOBALization process, which is associated with expansion of modern informative- communicative technologies, has given such a momentum and depth to the social changes, that has even affected the most stable arena of human life i.e. has led to a serious cultural change. Hence, reviewing the impacts and consequences of application of modern informative-communicative technologies in various arenas is of significant importance.The major users of the technology are agents and especially university students.Using internet, computer and satellite are a major part of the educational, professional and leisure activities of the university students. Therefore, the re is a possibility that benefiting from this phenomenon might have impact on individual priorities and orientation. The present article, which is the result of a research, aims at reviewing the relationship between being subject to GLOBALization process (modern communicative devices) and national IDENTITY and GLOBAL IDENTITY. The theoretical pattern of this incorporative research is the theories of Tanberg, Gibins, Gidins and Gimson.The research is conducted using survey method. N=352 including «Tehran Tarbiat Moalem University» students, which were selected through cluster sampling in a few steps and were interviewed. The findings of the research indicated that there is no relationship between being subject to GLOBALization process (modern communicative media) and national IDENTITY, however, there is a significant relationship between the issue and GLOBAL interest feeling.

Today, in addition to special opportunities providing through GLOBALization of media, it increases interpersonal and cross-cultural relations and makes changes in culture of people and in their IDENTITY. Because the dominant aspect of media is cultural area, as a result it involves more power and rate in forming cultural IDENTITY of its audience. The present study investigates the influence of GLOBAL Mass Media such as Internet and Satellite TV on Cultural IDENTITY of students at Kashan University. The theoretical discussions are based on Mark Poster, Stuart Hall and John Tomlinson in New Communication Media, GLOBALization and Cultural IDENTITY area. The empirical research method is Survey and statistical population is the students of Kashan University in 2014-2015. The statistical sample size by Cochran’, s formula is evaluated about 250 persons. The obtained results indicate that there is significant relationship variable such as “, Duration and extent of use of the Internet”, , “, Duration and extent of use of the Satellite TV”, , “, Using Scientific sources (in Persian) of Internet”,and “, Using various programs of Satellite TV”,with “, Cultural IDENTITY of Students”, . Also in multi variable analysis “, Using Scientific sources (in Persian) of Internet”, , “, Duration and extent of use of the Internet”,and “, Duration and extent of use of the Satellite TV”,have the most influence on “, Cultural IDENTITY of Students”, , respectively.

The relationship between Historical Sociology (HS) and International Relations (IR) is one of the relatively new fields of study, which has attracted the attention of researchers and activists of both fields during the last few decades. In other words, the impact of the international environment on internal developments is the basis for the emergence of this field of study with general titles such as International Historical Sociology (IHS) or Historical Sociology of International Relations (HSIR) during the first years or decade of the current century. The theoretical research on the book “GLOBAL Historical Sociology” (GHS), raises the question of whether it is possible to know GLOBAL historical sociology as a conjuncture point between the mentioned fields of study. The authors of the book criticized this tenet as a transdisciplinary branch that includes three areas: World Sociology, Historical Sociology, and World History. The studies carried out show that ambiguity in the possibility of methodological integration of the fields of sociology and history on the one hand and neglecting the position of the state in GLOBAL transformations or its overlapping with the newly emerging field of GLOBAL Studies causes the current deficiencies in the content and methodological coherence of the book. However, the mentioned attitude can be more carefully considered and developed in the future. In this article, it will be tried to express the strengths and weaknesses of this work with a critical view.